How To Write Test Cases in Software Testing with Example?
We, humans, commit quite a lot of mistakes, and it applies while developing software too. For efficient running of a software program, it is imperative to be free from bugs. Some bugs may be minuscule, but some may cause you a fortune. To curb this situation, Software Testing comes in handy. It validates whether the program or application is meeting the requirements. Furthermore, testers authenticate the process by pursuing test cases in Software Testing.
But what are tests cases in Software Testing? We are going to learn all about it in this definitive guide.
What is a Test Case in Software Testing?
Test cases are created to monitor a particular characteristic of the software and evaluate whether it meets the expectation. It consists of conditions or variables helping the tester to ascertain the proper functioning of the software.
As soon as these test cases are created, testers start executing them. They browse through the details, perform the steps mentioned, and based on the output, determine whether the test case has passed or failed.
Besides, there are various types of test cases as well! Let’s see what they are.
Types of Test Cases in Software Testing
1. Functionality test cases
It is one of the prominent types in test cases. In this test case, every function is thoroughly evaluated by providing input. Further, the output is monitored to check whether it complements the functional requirements. All in all, it helps in determining the smooth working of the functions.
2. Performance test cases
Test cases at this level are automated as they confirm the comprehensive efficacy of an application. Performance test cases have a clear set of success criteria and monitor the results after executing an action. A huge application must undergo repeated performance tests, which is why these tests are often automated. With automation, frequent testing is possible, and exposing scenarios of poor performance is possible.
3. User Interface Test Cases
User interface test cases in Software Testing plays an integral part in Graphical User Interface (GUI). They detect cosmetic irregularities, grammatical and spelling errors, links, and factors that have user interaction.
The testing team writes the test cases. However, it contains an interface, which is why the design team may get involved. Besides, these test cases in Software Testing play a pivotal role in cross-browser testing because browsers exhibit things differently. So, these test cases ensure that your application works fine across multiple browsers.
4. Integration Test Cases
How to check whether the modules interact with each other? Simply, with Integration test cases because their objective is to ascertain interfaces are functioning suitably in different modules.
In this stage, the testing team finalizes the areas that need integration testing while the development team determines how to write the test cases. Either of these teams handles the writing of the test cases.
5. Usability Test Cases
Usability tests are often tagged as scenarios or tasks. They skip the step-by-step guidelines as the tester presents a task or high-level scenario for completion. This level of test cases surrounds the identification of user’s habits and their natural approach towards the app. However, having prior knowledge of the app is a must. Besides, it guides the tester through different flows and situations.
6. Database Test Cases
If you want to know what is going on behind the scenes, then test cases for database testing are to your rescue. Despite the smooth working of the user interface, there could be problems with data flow, and that’s why you need them. However, to write these test cases in Software Testing, you must boast expertise in the entire application, stored procedures, and the database tables.
With these test cases, the tester verifies whether the developer has aptly written the code to store and safely handle data. Most often, the testing team makes use of SQL queries for developing database test cases.
7. Security Test Cases
As the name suggests, security test cases ensure security parameters. They help in restricting permissions and action in an application wherever necessary. The writing of these test cases is undertaken to protect data in all possible ways.
Amidst this, authentication and encryption are the primary focal point in security test cases. And they are usually written and conducted by the security team if you have any!
8. User Acceptance Test Cases
These test cases in Software Testing are called UAT test cases. They assist in determining user acceptance testing environments. The scope of these test cases is expansive and comprises all areas of the app. The main aim of these test cases is to ensure satisfactory levels of users when using the apps.
Best Practices for Writing Software Test Cases with Examples
1. Maintain simplicity and transparency
The first step when the question pops – how to write test cases in Software Testing is to make it simple and transparent. Whatever you are writing should be readable and concise for the tester to execute.
For example, maintain a confident language and flow, like go on the homepage, click this field, input data, etc. With clear instructions, the execution process will speed up as understanding is clear.
2. Form test cases from the user’s perspective
Why are we creating the software? To meet the requirements of the end-user, right? Therefore, start creating simple but operational test cases complementing customer requirements.
For example, keep yourself in the shoes of the end-user, and browse through the test cases. Evaluate what fields a user clicks or what is beneficial for their business and likewise document test cases.
3. Maintain identity of the test case
Identifying test cases in Software Testing is important, which is why one must maintain one identity them. It helps in discriminating the test case from a pool of cases. Most importantly, come up with a unique id for each test case.
When it comes to identification examples of test cases in Software Testing, opt for naming convention. It makes the task easier.
4. Clear description, preconditions, and postconditions
Writing a clear description is imperative as it lets the tester know what to do with the test case. Alongside this, some scenarios must need requirements before and after execution. Mentioning them properly will ease the task.
For example, if the test scenario is to verify the login of Yahoo, then the test case will be to enter the appropriate username and password. And when it comes to conditions, the classic example is to put a condition to have a valid Yahoo account for successful login.
5. Reusability of test cases in Software Testing
Several times, developers abruptly change the code, and testers must update the test cases likewise. But if you have a well-written and reasonable test case, then it becomes easy to update. Instead, it becomes reusable and maintainable.
For example, when it comes to testing case writing techniques, maintain simplicity. With the ease of reading, not just the author but other testers can also update it.
So, this was all about the test cases in Software Testing. We are positive that you now have a fair idea about its workflow. Despite this, any confusion persists, it’s best to enroll in a software testing certification course in Pune.
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